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카테고리: Grammar

Object maker 을/를

 

Object + 을 / 를

 

Korean particle, 을/를, is used to set the object in a sentence. This is new concept that only Korean has, but English doesn’t. ‘을/를’  is attached after object word to announce that it plays the role as the object in a sentence, though a order of words represent the elements of a sentence in English. This object maker is characteristic of Korean. People can understand the meaning of a sentence even in wrong order.

The last syllable of object word decides whether it should be to be ‘을’ or to be ‘를’. If the last syllable has 받침(batchim=Support), Prop(last) Consonant, then it become ‘을’, or ‘를’. For example, the last syllable ‘생’ of the word, 학생(student), has the last consonant ‘ㅇ’,  So we must attach ‘을’ after ‘학생’ (->학생+을).  On the contrary to this, the last syllable ‘자’ of 남자(man) doesn’t has a last consonant. ‘를’ is attached on after ‘남자'(->남자+를) .

Word Meaning Romanization
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]꽃들을 보았다.
[/responsivevoice]꽃들을 보았다.		 (I, Someone) saw the flowers. kkochdeul-eul boassda.
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]학생을 사랑한다.
[/responsivevoice]학생을 사랑한다.		 (I, Someone) love students. hagsaeng-eul salanghanda.
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]선생님을 존경한다.
[/responsivevoice]선생님을 존경한다.		 (I, Someone) respect my teacher. seonsaengnim-eul jongyeonghanda.
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]수박을 먹었다.
[/responsivevoice]수박을 먹었다.		 (I, Someone) ate watermelon. subag-eul meog-eossda.
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]곰을 만졌다.
[/responsivevoice]곰을 만졌다.		 (I, Someone) touched the bear. gom-eul manjyeossda.
[responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]나를 믿는다.
내가 걷는다[/responsivevoice]나를 믿는다.		 (I, Someone) believe in me. naleul midneunda.
[responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]너를 좋아한다.
[/responsivevoice]너를 좋아한다.		 (I, Someone) like you. neoleul joh-ahanda.
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]개를 키운다.
[/responsivevoice]개를 키운다.		 (I, Someone) raise a dog gaeleul kiunda
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]사과를 그렸다.
[/responsivevoice]사과를 그렸다.		 (I, Someone) painted an apple. sagwaleul geulyeossda.
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]학교를 다닌다.
[/responsivevoice]학교를 다닌다.		 (I, Someone) attend school. haggyoleul daninda.
Vocab
나=me, 너=you, 개=dog, 사과=apple, 학교=school, 꽃=flower, 학생=student, 선생님=student, 곰=bear, 수박=watermelon, 보다=to see, 사랑하다= love, 존경하다 = respect, 먹었다 = ate, 만졌다=touched, 믿는다=believe, 좋아한다= like, 키운다=raise, 그렸다=painted, 다닌다=attend

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Interrogative-Future

1. Declarative and Interrogative

(3) Future : Will you ~?
Tense Future
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Interrogative Interrogative Interrogative
Informal Impolite V+을거야?
(+eulgeoya)		 V +ㄹ거야?
(+lgeoya)		 N+할거야?
(+halgeoya)
V+겠어?
(+gess-eo)		 V+겠어?
(+gess-eo)		 N+하겠어?
(+hagess-eo)
Polite V+을거예요?
(+eulgeoyeyo)		 V+ㄹ거예요?
(+lgeoyeyo)		 N+할거예요?
(+halgeoyeyo)
V+겠어요?
(+gess-eoyo)		 V+겠어요?
(+gess-eoyo)		 N+하겠어요?
(+hagess-eoyo)
Formal Impolite V+을거니?
(+eulgeoni)		 V+ㄹ거니?
(+lgeoni)		 N+할거니?
(+halgeoni)
V+겠니?
(+gessni)		 V+겠니?
(+gessni)		 N+하겠니?
(+hagessni)
Polite V+을겁니까?
(+eulgeobnikka)		 V+ㄹ겁니까?
(+lgeobnikka)		 N+할겁니까?
(+halgeobnikka)
V+겠습니까?
(+gessseubnikka)		 V+겠습니까?
(+gessseubnikka)		 N+하겠습니까?
(+hagessseubnikka)
2) Example
 -Interrogative Sentence
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Base 먹-
eat		 듣(들)-
listen		 가-
(go)		 자-
(sleep)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+을거야? 들+을거야? 가+ㄹ거야? 자+ㄹ거야? 말+할거야? 게임+할거야?
(+eulgeoya) (+lgeoya) (+halgeoya)
먹+겠어? 들+겠어? 가+겠어? 자+겠어? 말+하겠어? 게임+하겠어?
(+gess-eo) (+gess-eo) (+hagess-eo)
Polite 먹+을거예요? 들+을거예요? 가+ㄹ거예요? 자+ㄹ거예요? 말+할거예요? 게임+할거예요?
(+eulgeoyeyo) (+lgeoyeyo) (+halgeoyeyo)
먹+겠어요? 듣+겠어요? 가+겠어요? 자+겠어요? 말+하겠어요? 게임+하겠어요?
(+gess-eoyo) (+gess-eoyo) (+hagess-eoyo)
Formal Impolite 먹+을거니? 들+을거니? 가+ㄹ거니? 자+ㄹ거니? 말+할거니? 게임+할거니?
(+eulgeoni) (+lgeoni) (+halgeoni)
먹+겠니? 듣겠니? 가+겠니? 자+겠니? 말+하겠니? 게임+하겠니?
(+gessni) (+gessni) (+hagessni)
Polite 먹+을겁니까? 들+을겁니까? 가+ㄹ겁니까? 자+ㄹ겁니까? 말+할겁니까? 게임+할겁니까?
(+eulgeobnikka) (+lgeobnikka) (+halgeobnikka)
먹+겠습니까? 듣+겠습니까? 가+겠습니까? 자+겠습니까? 말+하겠습니까? 게임+하겠습니까?
(+gessseubnikka) (+gessseubnikka) (+hagessseubnikka)

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Interrogative-Past

1. Declarative and Interrogative

(2) Past
1) Grammar : Did you ~?
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Interrogative Interrogative Interrogative
Informal Impolite V+었어?
(+eoss-eo?)		 V +ㅆ어?
(+sseo?)		 N+했어?
(+haess-eo?)
Polite V+었어요?
(+eoss-eoyo?)		 V+ㅆ어요?
(+sseoyo?)		 N+했어요?
(+haess-eoyo?)
Formal Impolite V+었니?
(+eossni?)		 V+ㅆ니?
(+ssni?)		 N+했니?
(+haessni?)
Polite V+었습니까?
(+eossseubnikka?)		 V+ㅆ습니까?
(+ssseubnikka?)		 N+했습니까?
(+haessseubnikka?)
2) Example
 -Interrogative Sentence
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Base 먹-
eat		 듣(들)-
listen		 가-
(go)		 자-
(sleep)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+었어? 들+었어? 가+ㅆ어? 자+ㅆ어? 말+했어? 게임+했어?
(+eoss-eo?) (+sseo) (+haess-eo?)
Polite 먹+었어요? 들+었어요? 가+ㅆ어요? 자+ㅆ어요? 말+했어요? 게임+했어요?
(+eoss-eoyo?) (+sseoyo?) (+haess-eoyo?)
Formal Impolite 먹+었니? 들+었니? 가+ㅆ니? 자+ㅆ니? 말+했니? 게임+했니?
(+eossni?) (+ssni?) (+haessni?)
Polite 먹+었습니까? 들+었습니까? 가+ㅆ습니까? 자+ㅆ습니까? 말+했습니까? 게임+했습니까?
(+eossseubnikka?) (+ssseubnikka?) (+haessseubnikka?)

 

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Interrogative-Present

1. Declarative and Interrogative

(1) Present
1) Grammar : Do you ~?
Tense Present
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Interrogative
Informal Impolite V+어?
(+eo?)		 V ?  N+해?
(+hae?)
Polite V+어요?
(+eoyo?)		 V+요?
(+yo?)		 N+해요?
(+haeyo)
Formal Impolite V+니/는거니?
(+ni/neungeoni?)		 V+니?/는거니?
(+ni?)		 N+하니?/하는거니?
(+hani/haneungeoni?)
Polite V+습니까?
(+seubnikka?)		 V+ㅂ니까?
(+bnikka?)		 N+합니까?
(+habnikka?)
2) Example
-Interrogative Sentence
Tense Present
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Base 먹-
eat		 듣(들)-
listen		 가-
(go)		 자-
(sleep)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+어? 들+어? 가? 자? 말+해? 게임+해?
(+eo?) – (+hae?)
Polite 먹+어요? 들+어요? 가+요? 자+요? 말+해요? 게임+해요?
(+eoyo?) (+yo?) (+haeyo?)
Formal Impolite 먹+니/는거니? 듣+니/는거니? 가+니/는거니? 자+니/는거니? 말+하니/는거니? 게임+하니/는거니?
(+ni/neungeoni?) (+ni?) (+hani/haneungeoni?)
Polite 먹+습니까? 듣+습니까? 가+ㅂ니까? 자+ㅂ니까? 말+합니까? 게임+합니까?
(+seubnikka?) (+bnikka?) (+habnikka?)

 

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Continuous-Future

 

1. Continuous 

(3) future
1) Grammar : will be V-ing
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Declarative Interrogative Declarative Interrogative
Informal Impolite V+고 있을거야
(+go iss-eulgeoya)		 V+고 있을거야?
(+go iss-eulgeoya?)		 N+하고 있을 거야
(+hago iss-eul geoya)		 N+하고 있을 거야?
(+hago iss-eul geoya?)
Polite V+고 있을거예요
(+go iss-eulgeoyeyo)		 V+고 있을 거예요?
(+go iss-eulgeoyeyo?)		 N+하고 있을 거예요
(+hago iss-eul geoyeyo)		 N+하고 있을 거예요?
(+hago iss-eul geoyeyo?)
Formal Impolite V+고 있을것이다
(+go iss-eulgeos-ida)		 V+고 있을 거니?
(+go iss-eulgeobnikka?)		 N+하고 있을 것이다
(+hago iss-eul geos-ida)		 N+하고 있을 거니?
(+hago iss-eul geoni?)
Polite V+고 있을겁니다
(+go iss-eulgeobnida)		 V+고 있을겁니까?
(+go iss-eossseubnikka?)		 N+하고 있을 겁니다
(+hago iss-eul geobnida)		 N+하고 있을 겁니까?
(+hago iss-eul geobnikka?)

 

2) Example
-Declarative Sentence
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Base 먹-
(eat)		 가-
(go)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+고 있을거야 가+고 있을거야 말+하고 있을거야 게임+하고 있을거야
(+go iss-eulgeoya) (+hago iss-eul geoya)
Polite 먹+고 있을거예요 가+고 있을거예요 말+하고 있을거예요 게임+하고 있을거예요
(+go iss-eulgeoyeyo) (+hago iss-eul geoyeyo)
Formal Impolite 먹+고 있을것이다 가+고 있을것이다 말+하고 있을것이다 게임+하고 있을것이다.
(+go iss-eulgeos-ida) (+hago iss-eul geos-ida)
Polite 먹+고 있을겁니다 가+고 있을겁니다 말+하고 있을겁니다 게임+하고 있을겁니다.
(+go iss-eulgeobnida) (+hago iss-eul geobnida)
  –Interrogative Sentenc
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Base 먹-
(eat)		 가-
(go)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+고 있을거야? 가+고 있을거야? 말+하고 있을거야? 게임+하고 있을거야?
(+go iss-eulgeoya?) (+hago iss-eul geoya?)
Polite 먹+고 있을거예요? 가+고 있을거예요? 말+하고 있을거예요? 게임+하고 있을거예요?
(+go iss-eulgeoyeyo?) (+hago iss-eul geoyeyo?)
Formal Impolite 먹+고 있을거니? 가+고 있을거니? 말+하고 있을거니? 게임+하고 있을거니?
(+go iss-eulgeoni?) (+hago iss-eul geoni?)
Polite 먹+고 있을겁니까? 가+고 있을겁니까? 말+하고 있을겁니까? 게임+하고 있을 겁니까?
(+go iss-eulgeobnikka?) (+hago iss-eul geobnikka?)

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Continuous-Past

1. Continuous

(2) Past
1) Grammar : was/were V-ing
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Declarative Interrogative Declarative Interrogative
Informal Impolite V+고 있었어
(+go iss-eoss-eo)		 V+고 있었어?
(+go iss-eoss-eo?)		 N+하고 있었어
(+hago iss-eoss-eo)		 N+하고 있었어?
(+hago iss-eoss-eo?)
Polite V+고 있었어요
(+go iss-eoss-eoyo)		 V+고 있었어요?
(+go iss-eoss-eoyo?)		 N+하고 있었어요
(+hago iss-eoss-eoyo)		 N+하고 있었어요?
(+hago iss-eoss-eoyo?)
Formal Impolite V+고 있었다
(+go iss-eossda)		 V+고 있었니/고 있었던거니?
(+go iss-eossni/go iss-eossdeongeoni?)		 N+하고 있었다
(+hago iss-eossda)		 N+하고 있었니/하고 있었던거니?
(+hago iss-eossni/hago iss-eossdeongeoni?)
Polite V+고 있었습니다
(+go iss-eossseubnida)		 V+고 있었습니까?
(+go iss-eossseubnikka?)		 N+하고 있었습니다.
(+hago iss-eossseubnida)		 N+하고 있었습니까?
(+hago iss-eossseubnikka?)
2) Example
-Declarative Sentence
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Base 먹-
(eat)		 가-
(go)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+고 있었어 가+고 있었어 말+하고 있었어 게임+하고 있었어
(+go iss-eoss-eo) (+hago iss-eoss-eo)
Polite 먹+고 었었어요 가+고 있었어요 말+하고 있었어요 게임+하고 있었어요
(+go iss-eoss-eoyo) (+hago iss-eoss-eoyo)
Formal Impolite 먹+고 있었다 가+고 있었다 말+하고 있었다 게임+하고 있었다
(+go iss-eossda) (+hago iss-eossda)
Polite 먹+고 있었습니다 가+고 있었습니다. 말+하고 있었습니다 게임+하고 있었습니다
(+go iss-eossseubnida) (+hago iss-eossseubnida)
 –Interrogative Sentenc
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Base 먹-
(eat)		 가-
(go)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+고 있었어? 가+고 있었어? 말+하고 있었어? 게임+하고 있었어?
(+go iss-eoss-eo?) (+hago iss-eoss-eo?)
Polite 먹+고 었었어요? 가+고 있었어요? 말+하고 있었어요? 게임+하고 있었어요?
(+go iss-eoss-eoyo?) (+hago iss-eoss-eoyo?)
Formal Impolite 먹+고 있었니/고 있었던거니? 가+고 있었니/고 있었던거니? 말+하고 있었니/하고 있었던거니? 게임+하고 있었니/하고 있었던거니?
(+go iss-eossni/go iss-eossdeongeoni?) (+hago iss-eossni/hago iss-eossdeongeoni?)
Polite 먹+고 있었습니까? 가+고 있었습니까? 말+하고 있었습니까? 게임+하고 있었습니까?
(+go iss-eossseubnikka?) (+hago iss-eossseubnikka?)

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Continuous-Present

1. Continuous

(2) Present
1) Grammar : be V-ing
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Declarative Interrogative Declarative Interrogative
Informal Impolite V+고 있어
(+go iss-eo)		 V+고 있어?
(+go iss-eo?)		 N+하고 있어
(+hago iss-eo)		 N+하고 있어?
(+hago iss-eo?)
Polite V+고 있어요
(+go iss-eoyo)		 V+고 있어요?
(+go iss-eoyo?)		 N+하고 있어요
(+hago iss-eoyo)		 N+하고 있어요?
(+hago iss-eoyo?)
Formal Impolite V+고 있다
(+go iss-da)		 V+고 있니/고 있는거니?
(+go iss-ni/go issneungeoni?)		 N+하고 있다
(+hago issda)		 N+하고 있니?/하고 있는거니?
(+hago issni/hago issneungeoni?)
Polite V+고 있습니다
(+go iss-seubnida)		 V+고 있습니까?
(+go iss-seubnikka?)		 N+하고 있습니다.
(+hago iss-seubnida)		 N+하고 있습니까?
(+hago iss-seubnikka?)

 

2) Example
-Declarative Sentence
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Base 먹-
(eat)		 가-
(go)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+고 있어 가+고 있어 말+하고 있어 게임+하고 있어
(+go iss-eo) (+hago iss-eo)
Polite 먹+고 었어요 가+고 있어요 말+하고 있어요 게임+하고 있어요
(+go iss-eoyo) (+hago iss-eoyo)
Formal Impolite 먹+고 있다 가+고 있다 말+하고 있다 게임+하고 있다
(+go iss-da) (+hago iss-da)
Polite 먹+고 있습니다 가+고 있습니다. 말+하고 있습니다 게임+하고 있습니다
(+go iss-seubnida) (+hago iss-seubnida)
 –Interrogative Sentenc
Tense Past
Type Verb Noun
Base 먹-
(eat)		 가-
(go)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+고 있어? 가+고 있어? 말+하고 있어? 게임+하고 있어?
(+go iss-eo?) (+hago iss-eo?)
Polite 먹+고 었어요? 가+고 있어요? 말+하고 있어요? 게임+하고 있어요?
(+go iss-eoyo?) (+hago iss-eoyo?)
Formal Impolite 먹+고 있니/고 있는거니? 가+고 있니/고 있는거니? 말+하고 있니/하고 있는거니? 게임+하고 있니/하고 있는거니?
(+go iss-ni/go issneungeoni?) (+hago iss-ni/hago issneungeoni?)
Polite 먹+고 있습니까? 가+고 있습니까? 말+하고 있습니까? 게임+하고 있습니까?
(+go iss-seubnikka?) (+hago iss-seubnikka?)

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Subject maker 이/가

 

Subject + 이 / 가

 

Korean particle, 이/가, is used to set the subject in a sentence. This is new concept that only Korean has, but English doesn’t. ‘이/가’  is attached after subject word to announce that it plays the role as the subject in a sentence, though a order of words represent the elements of a sentence in English. This subject maker is characteristic of Korean. People can understand the meaning of a sentence even in wrong order.

The last syllable of subject word decides whether it should be to be ‘이’ or to be ‘가’. If the last syllable has 받침(batchim=Support), Prop(last) Consonant, then it become ‘이’, or ‘가’. For example, the last syllable ‘생’ of the word, 학생(student), has the last consonant ‘ㅇ’,  So we must attach ‘이’ after ‘학생’ (->학생+이).  On the contrary to this, the last syllable ‘자’ of 남자(man) doesn’t has a last consonant. ‘가’ is attached on after ‘남자'(->남자+가) .

Word Meaning Romanization
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]꽃들이 예쁘다.
[/responsivevoice]꽃들이 예쁘다.		 The flowers are beautiful.  kkochdeul-i yeppeuda
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]학생이 공부한다.
[/responsivevoice]학생이 공부한다.		 The student is studying.  hagsaeng-i gongbuhanda
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]선생님이 멋있다.
[/responsivevoice]선생님이 멋있다.		 The teacher is handsome.  seonsaengnim-i meos-issda
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]수박이 맛있다.
[/responsivevoice]수박이 맛있다.		 A watermelon is delicious.  subag-i mas-issda.
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]곰이 크다.
[/responsivevoice]곰이 크다.		 A bear is big.  gom-i keuda
[responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]
내가 걷는다[/responsivevoice]내가 걷는다.		 I walk.  naega geodneunda
[responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]네가 달린다.
[/responsivevoice]네가 달린다.		 you run.  nega dallinda
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]개가 잔다.
[/responsivevoice]개가 잔다.		 A dog sleep.  gaega janda
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””]사과가 맛있다.
[/responsivevoice]사과가 맛있다.		 An apple is delicious.  sagwaga mas-issda
 [responsivevoice voice=”Korean Female”  buttontext=””] 학교가 멀다
[/responsivevoice]학교가 멀다.		 School is far away.  haggyoga meolda
Vocab
내(+가)=I, 네(+가)=you, 뭐(+가)=what, 개=dog, 사과=apple, 학교=school, 꽃=flower, 학생=student, 선생님=student, 곰=bear, 수박=watermelon

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Propositive Sentence

 2. Propositive

1) Grammar : Do you want ~?/Let’s do ~!
Tense Present
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Imperative
Informal Impolite V+을래/을까?
(+eullae/eulkka?)		 V+ㄹ래/ㄹ까?
(+llae/lkka?)		 N+할래/할까?
(+hallae/halkka?)
Polite V+을래요/을까요?
(+eullaeyo/eulkkayo?)		 V+ㄹ래요/ㄹ까요?
(+llaeyo/lkkayo?)		 N+할래요?/할까요?
(+hallaeyo?/halkkayo?)
Formal Impolite V+자
(+ja)		 V+자
(+ja)		 N+하자
(+haja)
Polite V+읍시다
(+eubsida)		 V+ㅂ시다
(+bsida)		 N+합시다
(+habsida)
2) Example
Tense Present
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Base 먹-
eat		 듣(들)-
listen		 가-
(go)		 자-
(sleep)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+을래/을까? 들+을래/을까? 가+ㄹ래/ㄹ까? 자+ㄹ래/ㄹ까? 말+할래/할까? 게임+할래/할까?
(+eullae/eulkka?) (+llae/lkka?) (+hallae/halkka?)
Polite 먹+을래요/을까요? 들+을래요/을까요? 가+ㄹ래요/ㄹ까요? 자+ㄹ래요/ㄹ까요? 말+할래요?/할까요? 게임+할래요?/할까요?
(+eullaeyo/eulkkayo?) (+llaeyo/lkkayo?) (+hallaeyo?/halkkayo?)
Formal Impolite 먹+자 듣+자 가+자 자+자 말+하자 게임+하자
(+ja) (+ja) (+haja)
Polite 먹+읍시다 들+읍시다 가+ㅂ시다 자+ㅂ시다 말+합시다 게임+합시다
(+eubsida) (+bsida) (+habsida)

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Imperative Sentence

2. Imperative

1) Grammar : Do !
Tense Present
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Imperative
Informal Impolite V+어
(+eo)		 V
–		 N+해
(+hae)
Polite V+어요/으세요
(+eoyo/euseyo)		 V+요/세요
(+yo/seyo)		 N+해요/하세요
(+haeyo/haseyo)
Formal Impolite V+어라
(+eola)		 V+라
(+la)		 N+해라
(+haera)
Polite V+으십시오
(+eusibsio)		 V+십시오
(+sibsio)		 N+하십시오
(+hasibsio)
2) Example 
Tense Present
Type Verb Noun
Consonant
at the end : O		 Consonant
at the end  : X
Base 먹-
eat		 듣(들)-
listen		 가-
(go)		 자-
(sleep)		 말
(speech)		 게임
(game)
Informal Impolite 먹+어 들+어 가 자 말+해 게임+해
(+eo) – (+hae)
Polite 먹+어요/으세요 들+어요/으세요 가+요/세요 자+요/세요 말+해요/하세요 게임+해요/하세요
(+eoyo/euseyo) (+yo/seyo) (+haeyo/haseyo)
Formal Impolite 먹+어라 들+어라 가+라 자+라 말+해라. 게임+해라.
(+eola) (+la) (+haera)
Polite 먹+으십시오 들+으십시오 가+십시오 자+십시오 말+하십시오 게임+하십시오
(+eusibsio) (+sibsio) (+hasibsio)
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